9. Symmetries in Space🪞

Geometric symmetries are transformations in the plane that preserve the shape and size of an object. These transformations include axial symmetries, central symmetries, rotational symmetries and translations (Simoes, n.d.).

In cosmology, symmetries are also important for understanding the structure of the universe. For example, the spherical symmetry of the universe, where all points are equal in all directions, is a fundamental hypothesis in modern cosmology. Other hypothetical symmetries of the universe have also been studied, such as the Lorentz symmetry, which relates to the invariance of the laws of physics under transformations of velocity and time.     

                                          


In short, geometrical symmetries are fundamental to the description of the geometry of objects in both the plane and in three-dimensional space. In addition, these symmetries are also used to describe the nature and structure of the universe. Symmetries can be found in celestial objects and large-scale structures, and are fundamental to understanding the distribution of matter and energy in the universe.

In a primary school classroom, it is possible to relate geometric symmetries to the universe in a playful and educational way. Here are some ideas:

Exploring patterns in space: Students can look for geometric patterns in space, such as stars or galaxies. They can look for symmetry patterns in NASA images or astronomy books and discuss how these symmetries help scientists understand the structure of the universe.

Creating a symmetrical universe mural: Students can work together to create a mural of the universe using symmetrical patterns and geometric shapes. They can use coloured pencils or watercolours to draw planets, stars and galaxies on a large piece of paper and then use symmetry patterns to decorate them.